Please give me the answer to the A-level Biology Question Explain how action potentials are transmitted across synapses.

The lac Operon is a key genetic regulatory system found in E coli bacteria that enables them to quickly and effectively respond to changes in their environment by regulating gene expression. To Describe and explain how the lac Operon allows E coli bacteria to adjust their physiology according to their environment and respond appropriately to changes in temperature, pH levels, nutrient availability, etc., it is important to understand how this complex mechanism works. The lac Operon allows E coli bacteria to regulate gene expression by controlling the promoter, operator, and regulator genes which enable them to turn on or off transcription depending on whether lactose is present or not. This allows the bacteria to adjust their physiology according to their environment and respond appropriately to changes in temperature, pH levels, nutrient availability, etc. In summary, the lac Operon allows E coli bacteria to Describe and explain how it allows them to adjust their physiology according to their environment and respond appropriately to changes in temperature, pH levels, nutrient availability, etc. By controlling gene expression through a complex mechanism involving a promoter, an operator, and a regulator gene, the lac Operon enables E coli bacteria to adjust their physiology according to their environment and respond appropriately.

The action potential is carried along the membrane of the presynaptic neurons in the form of a depolarisation wave and triggers the voltage gated Calcium Ion Channels. 2.) After these channels have opened, Ca2+ diffuses into the presynaptic neuron and triggers SNARE complexes. 3.) The Snare complexes are responsible for transporting Vesicles with neurotransmitters into the membrane that is presynaptic. 4.) The Vesicles become fused with the membrane, and undergo exocytosis. During this process, the NTs are released from the vesicle and move through the synapse. 5) They then spread through their Synaptic Cleft and Bind-specific receptors that are located on the Post - Synaptic Membrane. 6) This triggers Na+ channels to become open on the PSM which means that Na+ diffuses into PSN leading to depolarization, this is when the AP begins to be initiated. 7) Na+ channels are transferred back to the PreSN via reuptake channels , or degraded by enzymes.
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