Please give me the answer to the A-level Biology Question Describe and explain the main function of the proximal convoluted tubule in filtration/absorption.

The proximal convoluted tubule facilitates selective absorption of glucose, water, peptides, as well as other nutrients from tubule's fluid back into blood by ciliated cells that line it. Sodium is released through active sodium and potassium pumps which creates a gradient for diffusion of molecules like water or glucose with sodium as cotransporter. Active transport pumps help maintain homeostasis by regulating permeability, selectivity, electrical charge across its membrane and actively moving sodium out or into cells to alter its concentration within interstitium. By utilizing active transport pumps to move sodium out of a cell and into the interstitium, it is possible to effectively alter the concentration of sodium in a cell in the interstitium, allowing for efficient reabsorption of essential molecules. Thus, the answer to the A-level Biology Question Describing how is the concentration of sodium altered in a cell in the interstitium is that it is done through active transport pumps which move sodium out of a cell and into the interstitium, thus changing its concentration and influencing how it moves across its gradient. This process provides an answer to the A-level Biology Question Describing how is the concentration of sodium altered in a cell in the interstitium? By utilizing active transport pumps to move sodium out of a cell and into the interstitium, it is possible to effectively alter the concentration of sodium in a cell in the interstitium, providing an answer to the A-level Biology Question Describing how is the concentration of sodium altered in a cell in the interstitium? Through this process, active transport pumps are able to modify the concentration of sodium within a cell in the interstitium, allowing for efficient reabsorption of essential molecules and helping to maintain homeostasis. Therefore, How is the concentration of sodium altered in a cell in the interstitium? can be answered by understanding that active transport pumps are able to move sodium out of a cell and into the interstitium, thus changing its concentration and influencing how it moves across its gradient.

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